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William James Barrow (December 11, 1904 – August 25, 1967) was an American chemist and paper conservator, and a pioneer of library and archives conservation. He introduced the field of conservation to paper deacidification through alkalization. ==Overview== An American document restorer and former director of the W. J. Barrow Research Laboratory located in Richmond, Virginia, where he became highly recognized for his pioneering achievements in the preservation and conservation of historical documents.〔---. (06/02/2000) ''Abstract. W. J. Barrow Research Laboratory Records, 1932-1978''. Virginia Historical Society, Department of Manuscripts and Archives. William J. Barrow developed the first practical roller-type laminator.〔Kniffel, Sullivan, McCormick, Edith. (1999)''"100 of the most important leaders we had in the 20th Century"'', p. 38. American Libraries, 30-11: Research Libraries〕 With this lamninator, Barrow developed a process for laminating brittle documents between tissue and cellulose acetate film, as well as a highly effective means of deacidifying paper. He demonstrated the facts of paper stability over the past four centuries and developed a durable paper having a high degree of permanence. Barrow was also a part of a team of paper manufacturers, partially supported by the paper industry, which developed a large-scale process to manufacture alkaline or permanent-durable paper from wood fiber. He was also involved in other investigations connected with paper and ink for a period of more than 30 years, and was probably the most important single contributor to the knowledge of methods of achieving permanence and durability of archival materials. William Barrow had a thorough knowledge of both library and archival practices, a long record of published research, and a command of his technical specialty.〔Church, John A. ''"William J. Barrow: A Remembrance and Appreciation"''. ''The American Archivist''. Spring/Summer 2005: pp. 152-160. Volume 68, No. 1.〕 In honor of William J. Barrow's contributions to the library and archival professions, he was recognized as one of the ''"100 of the most important leaders we had in the 20th Century"'' according to the American Libraries.〔 William James Barrow became interested in the problems of paper deterioration while investigating the history of his family.〔Barrow, W. J. (1972) ''Manuscripts and Documents: Their Deterioration and Restoration'', 2nd ed. Virginia: University Press of Virginia.〕 Even though Barrow did not have a formal education in the field of Chemistry, the mystery of paper deterioration became his passion. This passion became his life's work to determine what the causes were and to slow the deterioration process down or eliminate it altogether. W. J. Barrow Research Laboratory ceased operations in 1977, ten years after his death on August 25, 1967.〔Roberts, Matt T. and Don Etherington.(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books, a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology ) Overview adapted from entry on William Barrow and his work on paper acidity.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Barrow (chemist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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